Filter-press



Patented Feb. 17,1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

A. L. BAUSMAN.

FILTER PRESS.

APPLICATION FILED ocr. 2, 19lB.

INVENTOR.

,f w' /M A TTORNEYS A L. BAUSMAN.

FILTER PRESS. APPLICATION man ocr. 2. 1918.

1,331,453. Patented Feb. 17,1920.

j; I I ENTOR. J7

ATTORNEYS.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALONZO LINTON BAUSMAN, OF CHICOPEE, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO NATIONAL EQUIPMENT COMPANY, OF SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS.

FILTER-PRESS.

Application filed October 2,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALONZO LINTON BAUsMAN, a citzen of the United States of America, residing at Chicopee, in the county of Hampden and State of Massachu-' sets, have invented certain newv and useful Improvements in Filter-Presses, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improvement in hydraulic filter presses. Such presses are used to extract cocoa butter from cocoa liquor and this particular use will be described in connection with the invention. Broadly, however, the invention is applicable where a largespercentage of liquid needs to be separated or filtered from the solid contents of a mixture under pressure.

According to my invention the structure and modeof operation have been improved to the' end that the desired work may be done more economically and efficiently than with structures heretofore used .for the purpose. It is to this object that my invention is directed. The manner of accomplishing such object will be apparent from a description of one preferred form now to be disclosed for purposes of illustration. The scope of the invention will be covered in the annexed claims read in the light of the required disclosure. The specific disclosure is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

Referring now to the drawings:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a press with parts broken away;

Fig. 2 is a section on line 2-2 of Fig. 1 with many parts omitted from such figure added in this one;

Fig. 3 is a detail of the cocoa collecting ring; I

Fig. 4 is a detail sectional view with parts in one position. v I

Fig. 5 is a detail sectional'view with some parts of Fig. 4 removed and others in a different position to bring out the mode of operation.

Common practice in these presses includes a hydraulic press with head 8. cylinder chamber 14, piston 11. pressure abutment 12. and spaced abutment 7 all suitably mounted in a strong frame'so that abutment 12 may move toward abutment 7 under the hydraulic head and be returned by means connected Specification of Letters Patent.

1918. Serial No. 256.526.

Under the pressure between abutments, a series of unit structural filter groups are designed to operate for the filtering purpose. One only of such series will be described. The others are preferably of the same kind so that the parts may be standardized.

The purpose of the press is to first filter under the hydraulic pressure of the material itself. lVhen this filtering action results in a collection of semi-solid material in the press to interfere with the filtering action, then the second purpose is to put such material under the pressure of an independent hydraulic head between abutments of the press whereby the liquid in such material is forced through the filter and the separation of liquid from solid is completed.

To accomplish this purpose by improved means and mode of operation, I provide for a filtering group, which includes a metal filtering plate 22, a metal plunger plate 4 2, and a metal collecting ring 54. This group and its operation with the press will now be described. The-plate 22 rests by shoulders 33 on longitudinal beams 10 of the press. Plunger plate 42 is joined in abutment against one face of plate 22 by nipple 40 to leave a central opening 0 through both plates. Over the outside faces of plates 22 and 42, filtering disks 36 and 50 preferably of felt are respectively fastened by screws and the clamping annulus 51. On both faces of each plate are a series of concentric grooves 37. 3Q. 43. and

A series of passages 39. formed in plate 22 and disposed parallel to the axis thereof.

ROI'YO to connect each groove 37 on one face of the. plate to the corresponding groove 38 on the. opposite face of the plate. The ,QIOOVXIIOR 43 and 45 on opposite faces of plate 42 are similarly connected by passages 44. A series of radial grooves 46 arc/provided, on that face of plate 42 adiaccnt plate 22, to connect the several grooves 43 one to the other.and. on that face. of plate 22 adjacent to plate 42, there are provided in the lower portion a series of radial grooves 40 which extend to the outer periphery of plate 22.

The plunger ring 52 extends peripherally around plate 42 and a tight but movable joint is made therebetween by means of the cup washer or packing 47 (preferably of unit groups are first mounted between abut-' leather) fastened in a recess adjacent the cir cumference by metal ring ,48 as indicated in bi 5.

' The collecting ring 54 (shown in Fig. 3) is adapted by suitable shoulders to rest on beams 10 in line with the plunger ring. The

latter has a packing 53 to make a tight j oint} of all off-the spacing fingers of the series of sets to position them as desired. The gears are carried by suitable brackets 7 in the press frame and the latter is firmly braced by the longitudinal spacing bars 9 and beams 10 connecting the frame heads (not shown).

The operation of the improved press will now be readily understood. The series of ments 12 and 7 asindicated in Fig. 1 and in a group detail in Fig. 4. It will be noticed that spacing fingers 21 cause plunger rings 52 to occupy an offset relation to plunger plates 42 equal to the width of the fingers. The abutment 12 is moved to hold the groups in tight relation whereby, on account of the packing 53, 47, and the felts 36, there will be no outlet for the liquor'in the press except through the filtering felts 36 and 50. The liquor is now forced through pipe 17 and openings 0 to fill all the available space in the press. This will be the spaces in between a plate 22 of one group and plunger head 42 of the next group. A sufficient pressure or hydraulic head back of the liquor will force the cocoa butter to filter through the felts 36 and 50.and leave the press by means of the plate grooves to fall in pan 19 on warming device 20. This pressure is continued until the cocoa butter practically stops coming from the press. This event evidences the fact that a mass of semi-liquid hav ng a large percentage of cocoa solids occuples space m and interferes with the further filtering of the liquid. The first step including the introduction of additional liquid has now gone as far as possible.

The second operating step of my structure which gives the above results will now be described. The valve 18 is turned to prevent any fiow whatever through pipe 17. The pressure of plate.12 is released enough to permit the turning of hand wheel 32 to move spacing fingers 21 from between plates 22 and plunger rings 52. Hydraulic pressure of sufficient amount is then put back of piston 11 to move the unit groups together the distance they have formerly been kept is necessary for the result and under this pressure and the resultant movement it should be particularly noted that -the felts 36 are effectively clamped against their plates by collecting rings 54 so there can be no destructive movement by these felts. The felts 50 move in snug but not packing engagement with relation to the smooth interior of plunger rings 52 and never leave these rings which, with the independent ackings 47 and 53, act as protectors for-.the elts 50. The felts are never forced from .one ring to another but are effectively protected in the severe service of gettingthe last drop of butter out of the cocoa cake. The latter, or collected solids, is:

in collecting rings 54. Since, as shown in Fig. 5, the plunger plate 42'is not advanced into the circle of the collecting plate 54, the collecting plate with its contents can be lifted out of the assembly without the necessity of separating the two plates longitudinally.

The critical parts of the press are provided by my invention for an improved mode of operation and the greater convenience in arranging them for such operation as well as separating them afterward.

What I claim is 1. In a press of the character'described, a filtering plate, a plunger plate in face abutment therewith, a filtering cloth on the outside face of each plate, a collecting rin designed to press the cloth. against the lter plate and a plunger ring independent of' said collecting ring and designed to sur roundand protect the edges of the cloth on the plunger plate at all times when in service, and a packing between 'the I plunger ring and plunger plate and independent of 1 the filtering cloth carried upon said plunger ring. I

2. In a press of the character described, a plunger plate, .a filtering cloth covering the pressing face thereof, a collecting ring, a-

plunger ring for spacing said plate and collecting ring each from the other, said plate and rings being relatively movable and so proportioned that upon maximum approachingmovement the pressing face of said plunger plate is brou ht to the plane of said collecting ring but, by virtue of said plunger ring, is not msertible therein.

3. In a press of the character described, a"

plunger late, a filtering cloth covering one face of t e plate, a plun er ringto protect the cloth and within whlch the plate is designed to move, a collecting ring, and packing between the two rings and between the plunger and its ring, whereby when the plate and rings are forced together under great pressure leaks are prevented independently of the filtering cloth.

4. In a press of the character described a filtering plate and a plunger plate, each with a filtering face and arranged back-toback, a collecting ring spaced from the plunger plate, a plunger ring operatively between said collecting ring and said plunger plate, and a spacing means optionally insertible operatively between said plunger ring and said plunger plate, the relative dimensions of the said elements being such that, upon removal of said spacing means and approach of said plunger plate and collecting ring, such plate is brought to the plane of said collecting ring but, by virtue of said plunger ring, is not insertible therein.

5. In a filter press adapted for hydraulichead and pl unger-pressure filtration, in combination, a plunger plate provided with an abutment, a plunger ring dimensioned to receive said plate, an optionally active spacing means between said abutment and said plunger ring to prevent, When active, advance of said plunger in said ring, a collecting ring arranged at the other side of said plunger ring from said spacing means, and means for relatively moving said plate and rings to advance said plate in said plunger ring and move said plunger plate and said collecting ring toward each other, when said spacing means is inactive.

6. In a filter press adapted for hydraulichead and plunger-pressure filtration, in combination, a plunger plate provided with an abutment, a plunger ring dimensioned to receive said plate, an optionally active spacing means between said abutment and said plunger ring to prevent, when active, advance of said plunger in said ring, a collecting ring arranged at the other side of said plunger ring from said spacing means, and means for relatively moving said plate and rings to advance said plate in said plunger ring and move said plunger plate and said collecting ring toward each other, when said spacing means is inactive, said plunger plate and plunger ring being relatively dimensioned, and said abutment being located, to provide that upon maximum approach of said plunger plate and said collecting ring, said plunger plate is brought to the plane of said collecting ring but, by virtue of said plunger ring, is not insertible therein.

ALONZO LINTON BAUSMAN. 

